初二英语下册语法总结

　　英语语法大全包含整个初二初二英语下册的所有英语语法，希望可以对快要靠期末的同学们有帮助！

　　初二英语下册语法总结

　　Topic1

　　一. 重点词汇

　　( 一 ) 词形转换:

　　1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king

　　3.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety

　　( 二 ) 词的辨析

　　1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on

　　3. other /else 4. raise /rise

　　5.each /every 6.exciting / excited

　　(三)重点词组:

　　1.go on a visit to 去??旅行

　　2. make the decision 做决定

　　3.bring back 带回

　　4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行

　　5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定

　　6 see the sunrise 看日出

　　7. make a reservation 预订

　　8. come up with 想出(主意)

　　9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望

　　10. pay for 支付;赔偿

　　11. raise money 筹钱

　　12. book a ticket 订票

　　13. make a room for sb 为??订房间

　　14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快

　　15. in the daytime 在白天

　　16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行

　　17.find out 查出

　　18. some places of interest 名胜

　　19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间

　　20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧

　　21.my pleasure 不客气

　　二.重点句型及重点语言点

　　1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.

　　2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。

　　3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。 go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year. 类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic

　　a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期

　　an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩

　　4.It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。 如： It’s nice to meet you.

　　5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是： I’ll phone and ask the airline.

　　6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的.郊游方式。

　　bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.

　　decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a school.

　　7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It’ too far to cycle there.

　　8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by??乘??去泰山要花多长时间?

　　9.How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱?

　　How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少?

　　10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.

　　我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。

　　at 意为“以??”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.

　　11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。 20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets

　　book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为??预订房间

　　e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。

　　12.Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。 Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事

　　e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.

　　13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。

　　make a reservation 预订

　　14. We have rooms with a bathtub? 我们有带浴缸??的房间。

　　with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool

　　a standard room with two single beds

　　15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.

　　16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。

　　(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. (2)用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address.

　　(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address.

　　17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。

　　Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.

　　三.重点语法

　　动词不定式

　　(1) 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜(要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始)

　　(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.

　　(3) 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.

　　(4) 本topic出现的句子有：

　　I have some exciting news to tell you.

　　I want to make a hotel reservation.

　　It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.

　　I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.

　　Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.

　　Topic2

　　一、重点词汇：

　　(一)词形转换：

　　1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern

　　3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull

　　5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded

　　(二)重点词组:

　　1.make a plan 拟定计划

　　2. make sure 确信，确保

　　3. come along with 和??一起来

　　4. at the foot of 在??的脚下

　　5. be surprised at 对??感到惊奇

　　6. be satisfied with 对??感到满意

　　7. out of sight 看不见

　　8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚

　　9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事

　　10. spread over 分布于

　　11.rush out 冲出去

　　12.raise one’s head 抬头

　　13.ask sb for help 向某人求助

　　14.thank goodness 谢天谢地

　　二. 重点句型及重点语言点

　　1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。

　　(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事

　　I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.

　　(2)while 当??时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.

　　2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗?

　　Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you

　　Could you come along with us ?

　　3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。

　　make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.

　　4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。 Two and a half hours = two hours and a half

　　5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。

　　to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.

　　on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .

　　in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China.

　　6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。

　　be surprised at 对??感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons.

　　be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.

　　7.?so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方

　　space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ?

　　8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.

　　当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。

　　in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚 step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.